Adding to Double Bonds

π electrons as a nucleophile

An interactive lesson with 5 steps, about 5 minutes: you predict, drag and solve, with instant feedback on every answer. It runs in your browser and needs JavaScript.

What you’ll learn

• Alkenes are nucleophiles: the π bond attacks electrophiles.
• Addition of HX goes via the more stable carbocation (Markovnikov).

Steps

1. The π bond attacks
2. Step 1: grab the proton
3. Step 2: bromide joins
4. Markovnikov’s rule
5. Water adds the same way